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    You are at:Home » News » India becomes world’s most populous country, overtaking China
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    India becomes world’s most populous country, overtaking China

    Conor WickhamBy Conor WickhamJanuary 25, 20233 Mins Read
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    India has become the world’s most populous country, overtaking China, which has reported a population decline for the first time in decades.

    India becomes world’s most populous country, overtaking China.

    Following China’s announcement that, for the first time in over six decades, they have a population decline, the news has now been raised that India, which was already expected to surpass China as the world’s most populous country later this year, has already done so.

    Interestingly, similar to China, India employed many methods to curb population growth. However, unlike China, India was not successful in these attempts and instead, India’s population is projected to grow even further, reaching a possible 1.52 billion by 2036.

    India – the world’s most populous country

    India has officially become the world's most populous country.
    Credit: Flickr / Adam Cohn

    India is now the world’s most populous country. This news comes after the recent announcement by the National Bureau of Statistics of China that the number of recorded deaths of 10.41 million outweighed the number of births at 9.56 million.

    As such, this resulted in a population decline in 2022 of 850,000 people in China.

    To put into context how staggering a population decline this is for the Chinese, the last time a reduction such as this was recorded was during the Great Leap Forward, which was a failed economic plan led by Mao Zedong’s Chinese Communist Party.

    This move caused famine across the land leading to the deaths of millions. UN experts predicted last year that India’s population would reach 1.412 billion.

    However, there remains some uncertainty regarding how India carries out population data collection methods, and the pandemic delayed their 2021 census.

    China – a declining population

    China has had a declining population for the first time in a long time.
    Credit: commonswikimedia.org

    Yi Fuxian, a senior scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison who is a well-known and prominent critic of China’s birth policy, describes China’s population decline as “much bleaker than expected”.

    He wrote, “China’s population began to decline 9-10 years earlier than Chinese officials and UN projections, meaning that China’s real demographic crisis is beyond imagination and that all of China’s past economic, social, defence, and foreign policies were based on faulty demographic data”.

    Fuxian also argued that China’s declining population had been brought on by factors such as surging living costs, the strict one-child policy and the “later, longer, fewer” campaign.

    Promoting population growth – trying to reverse the downward trend

    China is currently promoting population growth.
    Credit: Flickr / Trey Ratcliff

    To encourage population growth again, China ended its one-child policy in 2016 and removed all family-size restrictions in 2021.

    The Chinese government also rolled out many incentives to promote population growth, such as tax incentives, housing aid and more extended maternity leave entitlement, to name but a few.

    However, despite the Chinese government’s best efforts, China’s birth rate continues to fall, falling from 7.52 births per 1,000 people in 2021 to 6.77 births resulting in China having one of the lowest birth rates in the world.

    It remains to be seen whether further incentives by the Chinese government will help to reduce this trend.

    Still, Professor Steve Tsang, Director of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) China Institute, is not hopeful as he explained that “the few incentives the Chinese state puts in place are unlikely to be sufficient to change the attitude of people.

    “The demographic shift in China looks structural, and it will take a lot more than some government incentives to reverse”.

     

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    Conor Wickham

    Conor Wickham is a keen travel writer from County Wexford, Ireland. He has been a regular writer for Ireland Before You Die, The World Bucket List and Meanwhile in Ireland since 2019. Conor has a keen interest in discovering everything Ireland has to offer. From sleeping in tree houses in the Ox Mountains to staying in shepherd huts in Donegal, Conor has experienced it. With qualifications in Marketing & Advertising with Online Media as well as Print Journalism, Conor has worked as a Website Content Writer/SEO Specialist in the past for many websites. Conor has had two short stories published in the widely acclaimed Wexford Bohemian Literary Journal. Conor’s favourite types of articles to write are ones which involve history, scenic locations and the news. When not exploring Ireland and finding out its secrets, Conor can usually be found working on his own supernatural novel series.

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